Challenges, quizzes and exercises on the solar system
Planet memo sheets
Mercury
The planet closest to the Sun. Small and rocky, it experiences extreme temperature differences between day and night.
- Diameter4,879.4 km
- Mass3,3011x10^23 kg
- Aver. temp.167 °C
- Rotat. per.58,6458 jours
- Rotat. speed10.892 km/h
- Revol. per.87.969 days
- Revol. speed47.362 km/s
- Aphelia69,816,900 km
- Perihelion46,001,200 km
Venus
Almost twin to Earth in size, but covered with toxic clouds. It is the hottest planet in the solar system.
- Diameter12,103.6 km
- Mass4.8675x10^24 kg
- Aver. temp.464 °C
- Rotat. per.-243,023 jours
- Rotat. speed6.52 km/h
- Revol. per.224.667 days
- Revol. speed35.026 km/s
- Aphelia108,943,000 km
- Perihelion107,476,000 km
Earth
The only planet known to be home to life. Largely covered with water and protected by a favorable atmosphere.
- Diameter12,756.274 km
- Mass5.9736x10^24 kg
- Aver. temp.15 °C
- Rotat. per.23h 56min 4s
- Rotat. speed1,674.364 km/h
- Revol. per.365.256 days
- Revol. speed29.783 km/s
- Aphelia152,097,701 km
- Perihelion147,098,074 km
Mars
The red planet, famous for its iron-rich soil. It is home to the largest mountains and canyons in the solar system.
- Diameter6,792.4 km
- Mass6,4185x10^23 kg
- Aver. temp.-63 °C
- Rotat. per.24,622962 h
- Rotat. speed868.22 km/h
- Revol. per.686.885 days
- Revol. speed24.08 km/s
- Aphelia249,230,000 km
- Perihelion206,655,000 km
Jupiter
The largest planet in the solar system. A gaseous giant with a tormented atmosphere, it has a famous storm: the Great Red Spot.
- Diameter142,984 km
- Mass 1,8986x10^27 kg
- Aver. temp.-163 °C
- Rotat. per.9h 55min 27,3s
- Rotat. speed47,051 km/h
- Revol. per.4,332.01 days
- Revol. speed13.059 km/s
- Aphelia816,000,000 km
- Perihelion740,680,000 km
Saturn
Known for her beautiful rings made of ice and rock. She is a gas giant like Jupiter.
- Diameter120,536 km
- Mass5,6846x10^26 kg
- Aver. temp.-191.9 °C
- Rotat. per.10h 33min
- Rotat. speed34,821 km/h
- Revol. per.10,754 days
- Revol. speed9.641 km/s
- Aphelia1,503,500,000 km
- Perihelion1,349,800,000 km
Uranus
Icy giant with a blue-green hue due to methane in its atmosphere. It is tilted to the side, which makes it unique.
- Diameter51,118 km
- Mass 8,681x10^25 kg
- Aver. temp.-216 °C
- Rotat. per.-17,23992 h
- Rotat. speed9,320 km/h
- Revol. per.30,698 days
- Revol. speed6.797 km/s
- Aphelia3,006,300,000 km
- Perihelion2,735,000,000 km
Neptune
The planet furthest from the Sun. Very windy and cold, it has a beautiful blue color and intense storms.
- Diameter49,528 km
- Mass1,0243x10^26 kg
- Aver. temp.-226 °C
- Rotat. per.16h 6,6min
- Rotat. speed9,660 km/h
- Revol. per.60,216.8 days
- Revol. speed5.432 km/s
- Aphelia4,537,000,000 km
- Perihelion4,459,800,000 km